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EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Masonic Lodge Waiting Time: Meaning, Patience & Opportunity Summary : The recruitment waiting period in a lodge isn’t wasted time—it’s a chance for growth. Far from passive, it allows you to reflect, deepen your knowledge, and enhance your communication. Polite follow-ups enrich the applicant’s experience. Transforming the wait into personal opportunity is highly valued. The patience gained prepares you for initiation. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Le temps d'attente entre la candidature et l'initiation : comment le mettre à profit Resumé : Le délai de recrutement en loge n’est pas du temps perdu, mais l’occasion d’une maturation personnelle. Loin d’être une attente passive, il offre à chacun la possibilité de réfléchir à ses motivations, d’améliorer sa compréhension et sa communication. Relancer poliment enrichit l’expérience candidat. Transformer l’attente e...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Methodological Principles for Masonic Correspondence Analysis Summary : This article covers the key principles for conducting correspondence analysis in Masonic lodges. It explains tool selection, such as multiple correspondence analysis, and approaches to categorizing letters. Rigorous study can reveal hidden depths behind standard exchanges. Advanced methods like contingency table analysis decode relationships and themes. The piece discusses the need for objectivity and warns against overinterpretation. Methodical analysis offers fresh understanding of lodge dynamics and history, guiding future growth. Patience and selecting the right tool for each corpus are essential. Clear statistical criteria and careful methods allow deeper insights into the story between the lines. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Principes méthodologiques pour l'étude des correspondances entre loges ...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Masonic Columns: Symbolism and Role in Architecture Summary : Masonic columns , inspired by the Temple of Solomon, represent wisdom, strength, and beauty in Masonic architecture . Marking the threshold between the ordinary and the sacred, they symbolically uphold the lodge. Their function and symbolism shift with the rite, giving ritual life meaning and direction. The journey around Jakin and Boaz shapes Masonic experience, calling for personal balance. In French lodges, tradition and modernity meet in the living legacy of these columns. The tradition endures by evolving, keeping its allure. Columns remain essential, enigmatic, and familiar. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les colonnes dans l'architecture maçonnique: symbolisme et fonction Resumé : Les colonnes maçonniques, inspirées du Temple de Salomon, incarnent sagesse, force et beauté dans l’architecture maçonnique...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Masonic Orphanages: Tradition, Philanthropy & Solidarity Summary : Masonic orphanages , though discreet, are essential pillars of France’s philanthropic tradition. Founded in the 19th century, they have offered solidarity and education to orphans in need. These social initiatives by Freemasonry reflect a unique blend of discipline and human warmth—always adapting to the era’s needs. Their commitment to education stands out, nurturing empowered citizens. As their forms evolve, the spirit of solidarity endures: Masonic lodges continue to champion orphans, often through scholarships. The story of these orphanages invites us to rethink the place of charity in today’s world. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les orphelinats maçonniques : une tradition philanthropique centenaire Resumé : Les orphelinats maçonniques, discrets mais essentiels, incarnent une tradition philanthr...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Masonic Lodge Annual Calendar: Rhythms & Traditions Summary : The annual calendar of a Masonic lodge guides lodge life, often beginning in autumn and following precise cycles. Through gatherings and festivals , each lodge shapes its year, honoring tradition. Winter brings intensity; summer often means a pause. Symbolism , legacy, and organization structure the Masonic agenda , forging bonds among members. With ceremonies, feasts, and informal meetings, the calendar is more than a list—it reveals the depth of Masonic organization and strengthens the brotherhood. Understanding it is to glimpse the mystery of Masonry. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Comment s'organise le calendrier annuel d'une loge maçonnique ? Resumé : Le calendrier annuel loge maçonnique rythme la vie fraternelle, démarre souvent à l’automne et suit des cycles précis. Entre tenues maçonniques ...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Plumb Line: A Symbol of Moral Uprightness in Freemasonry Summary : The plumb line, a humble instrument, rises in Freemasonry as a true symbol of moral uprightness. It embodies the pursuit of verticality, inner balance, and integrity. Its use recalls both the construction of buildings and of the self. Throughout, introspection, truth, and uprightness of heart are explored. We see how the plumb line lights our doubts, endures through the seasons, and remains ever relevant. Each section offers personal or cultural insight. From technique to spirituality, this symbol connects our most authentic selves to the world. Ultimately, standing upright becomes a guiding principle. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Le fil à plomb : un symbole de rectitude morale et de droiture Resumé : Le fil à plomb, instrument modeste, s’élève en franc-maçonnerie en véritable symbole de rectitude morale....

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Famous Obediences of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite Summary : The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite is the most popular Masonic rite in France. It unites leading obediences like the Grand Lodge of France and National Grand Lodge of France, along with Le Droit Humain and the Women’s Grand Lodge of France. Each offers its own interpretation while organizations like the Supreme Council of France ensure faithful ritual transmission. This diversity enriches Scottish Rite tradition, centered on liberty, fraternity, and the pursuit of truth. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les principales obédiences pratiquant le Rite Écossais Ancien et Accepté Resumé : Le Rite Écossais Ancien et Accepté est le rite maçonnique le plus répandu en France. Il rassemble autour de lui des obédiences majeures telles que la Grande Loge de France et la Grande Loge Nationale Française, ainsi que L...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry The Masonic Path Against Prejudice and Ignorance Summary : The Masonic path tackles ignorance and prejudice by inviting us to pierce the veils of appearances. Symbols help us see our limits. Initiation is revelation, not secrecy. This journey fosters tolerance and values doubt. The Masonic philosophy guides a humble, endless quest for knowledge—an open journey that welcomes all. Minds open as veils fall, step by step in the light of brotherhood. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: L'ignorance et ses voiles : comment la démarche maçonnique aborde les préjugés Resumé : La démarche maçonnique s’attaque à l’ignorance et aux préjugés en invitant à lever les voiles de l’apparence. Les symboles aident à reconnaître ses limites. L’initiation n’est pas secret, mais révélation de soi et de ses automatismes. Ce chemin favorise la tolérance, tout en valorisant le doute et la remise en ...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Hiram Abiff: Origins, Legend & Masonic Symbolism Summary : Hiram Abiff , master builder of the Temple of Solomon, stands at the heart of Freemasonry—his legend weaving myth, secrecy, and tradition. As the ideal builder, he symbolizes sacrifice and loyalty, and his tale shapes Masonic ritual to this day. The symbolism of Hiram, a figure both betrayed and revered, sparks the timeless quest for meaning. His story bridges sacred architecture and core human values. The legend of Hiram remains central: can we ever unlock his secret? Such is the question for every Mason, as his myth quietly nourishes the heart and soul. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Qui etait Hiram Abiff ? Resumé : Hiram Abiff, figure clé du Temple de Salomon, inspire la franc-maçonnerie comme maître architecte retissant mythe, secret et transmission. Sa légende structure le récit du rituel maçonnique, oscil...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Contemporary Challenges in Grand Lodge Diplomacy Today Summary : This article explores the contemporary challenges facing Grand Lodge diplomacy: geopolitics, new issues like environmental and interfaith diplomacy, and the increasing complexity of international relations. Mutual recognition, cultural adaptation, and openness to multilateral diplomacy shape the debate, as technology transforms Masonic practices beyond old traditions. Each Grand Lodge must balance tradition and modernity to preserve harmony. Thus, Masonic diplomacy is ever-evolving. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les défis contemporains de la diplomatie entre Grandes Loges Resumé : Cet article explore les défis contemporains de la diplomatie entre Grandes Loges, marqués par la géopolitique et de nouveaux enjeux, comme la diplomatie environnementale et la diplomatie des religions. Les relations internationales...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Pre-Initiation Insights: Key Info to Share Before Welcoming Summary : Before initiation, sharing pre-boarding information reassures candidates. Clear communication on the recruitment process and integration shapes the candidate experience . Pre-boarding eases anxiety and sets the tone. Explaining expectations and onboarding builds transparency. The right balance of information fosters trust and smooths adaptation. A tailored welcome encourages lasting engagement. Sharing, done right, enhances rather than diminishes the initiation’s meaning. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Quelles informations partager avec un candidat avant son initiation ? Resumé : Avant l’initiation, il est essentiel de partager des informations pré-embauche pour rassurer le candidat. La communication claire, notamment sur le processus de recrutement et l’intégration, façonne l’expérience candidat. Le...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Digitized Collections National Library of the Netherlands: Full Access Summary : Explore the digitized collections of the National Library of the Netherlands. These digital archives offer unprecedented access to Dutch heritage. Rare books, newspapers, scores, and unique documents await online. Heritage digitization makes history accessible to all, wherever you are. Dive into an array of digital resources in just a few clicks. Online searches lead to remarkable finds. Students, teachers, and the curious will all find inspiration. This digital library is always evolving, celebrating both masterpieces and hidden gems. Enjoy the delight of discovery for all ages, right at home. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les collections numérisées de la Bibliothèque Nationale des Pays-Bas Resumé : Explorez les collections numérisées Bibliothèque Nationale des Pays-Bas. Ces archives numé...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Preserving Ancient Masonic Documents: Essential Techniques Summary : Preserving ancient Masonic documents matters for both collective memory and fraternity. Effective techniques include humidity control, minimizing light, and using acid-free materials. Proper storage prevents rapid decay. Restoring historic documents calls for expertise and sometimes a professional's touch. Preserving old paper demands delicacy and care; every precaution safeguards your lodge’s history. Investing in protection for fragile documents is essential. Temperature and humidity control cabinets are common. Storing flat and careful handling reduce risks. Replace sleeves as they age. Never underestimate the threat of direct light. Preservation is an act of transmission. Acid-free materials are recommended. Every document holds a unique story—take care of these archives to keep Masonic memory alive. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel ...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Freemasonry on TV: Revelations or Sensations? Summary : Freemasonry TV shows walk the line between seeking truth and falling for sensationalism. French television offers captivating documentaries and reports, promising revelations about this secret society. The allure of hidden influence , the enduring mystery of rituals , and the promise of unveiling secrets intrigue viewers. Every broadcast raises questions and dreams of discovery, caught between genuine insight and sensational clichés. Often, viewers are left with more questions than answers. Ultimately, the real magic lies in asking the right questions, not just the answers, as we follow tales of rituals and symbols , forever caught between shadow and light. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les émissions télévisées consacrées à la franc-maçonnerie : entre révélation et sensationnalisme Resumé : Les émissions télévisées...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Supreme Councils & Symbolic Obediences: Relations and Issues Summary : Supreme Councils and symbolic obediences share a nuanced history. Supreme Councils oversee higher degrees, while symbolic obediences guide initiation. Each defends its independence despite tacit bridges—especially within the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite . This dual governance enriches French Freemasonry, with debates and duality providing diversity for deeper spiritual growth and dialogue. Symbolic lodges and Supreme Councils thus coexist, sometimes in creative tension, always in service of a rich spiritual tradition. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: La relation entre les Suprêmes Conseils et les obédiences symboliques Resumé : Les Suprêmes Conseils et les obédiences symboliques entretiennent une relation historique nuancée. Les premiers gèrent les hauts grades, tandis que les obédiences symbo...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Historical Origins of Gestural Language: Initiatic Traditions Summary : The historical origins of gestural language reach back into deep history. For centuries, gestures have conveyed secrets in initiatic traditions. To recognize an initiate, to send a message wordlessly: this is the subtle art behind distinctive signs. Abbé de l’Épée embodies the modern spirit of French Sign Language. Gestural communication brings together the Deaf, initiates, and Freemasons. Masonic symbolism adapts these gestures into methods and codes. The papal bull against Freemasonry only deepened secrecy. Gestures are culture, tradition, and human heritage. Between LSF and Masonic tradition, the boundaries blur. Sometimes, a single gesture says more than words. Legacies intertwine even as secrets endure. Gestural language lives on, meaningful and rooted. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les origines histo...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Adapting Rituals: Blending Tradition and Modernity Summary : Exploring the adaptation of rituals means diving into the tension between tradition and modernity. Rituals don’t simply survive—they evolve alongside society’s changing needs. Across this transformation, it’s the meaning we pass on that matters more than the strict form. French culture embodies this paradox: a deep bond with heritage and a zest for innovation. Our cultural practices continually reinvent themselves, never straying far from their roots. As seasons change, each generation finds its own balance. Such evolution keeps heritage vibrant and faithful—cherishing the old while staying open to the new. In this way, modernity doesn’t snuff out tradition; it keeps the flame alive in a new light. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Tradition et modernité : le défi de l'adaptation des rituels Resumé : Explorer l...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Cultivating Patience: The Path to Personal Growth Summary : Cultivating patience is vital for personal growth. It takes time and effort, but brings wisdom and well-being. Meditation and yoga teach us to temper our reactions. Patience matters in relationships and important goals. Waiting isn’t a setback—it’s how we grow. Get to know your limits, enjoy the process, accept setbacks. Each breath, each moment in nature, each focused conversation—there are countless paths forward. Patience, both quiet and powerful, lays solid foundations. Practiced over time, it makes life better as the seasons pass. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Comment cultiver la patience dans son cheminement personnel ? Resumé : Cultiver la patience est essentiel en développement personnel. Cela demande du temps et des efforts, mais apporte sagesse et bien-être. Grâce à la méditation et au yoga, on apprend ...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Droit Humain: Origins & History of the Co-Masonic Order Summary : The birth of Droit Humain was a revolution, opening Freemasonry to women. Georges Martin and Maria Deraismes joined forces to found the first co-masonic obedience. Their commitment laid the groundwork for gender equality in lodges. Droit Humain quickly grew beyond France, inspiring co-masonic lodges across Europe. The boldness of its founders broke centuries of tradition. This obedience remains a model for democracy and social progress. The drive for equality continues, carried by the spirit of Droit Humain. The co-masonic order retains its vitality and influence, drawing all who seek emancipation. France was central to this evolution, yet Droit Humain's strength lies in its universal values. This story shines beyond the lodges—the Universal Supreme Council's symbol still resonates. The dialogue on equality remains relevant. This is the living legacy of...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Masonic Cultural Biennale & Artistic Masonic Festivals Summary : The Masonic Cultural Biennale is a leading event for Masonic artistic festivals, blending visual arts, performing arts, and Masonic literature in stunning venues, often bathed in authentic French light. From contemporary sacred art to avant-garde creations, these gatherings welcome initiates and newcomers alike. Festivals reveal hidden symbols, nurture fellowship, and create a warm ambiance. Street installations, concerts, public readings: every moment is an initiatory experience. In Paris and across Europe, diversity ensures richness and surprise. Masonic art is far more open and vibrant than many imagine—a true cultural crossroads, where history and modernity meet. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les festivals artistiques internationaux à thématique maçonnique Resumé : La Biennale Culturelle Maçonnique e...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Protocol Differences in Obediences: Adapting and Thriving Together Summary : This post explores how to navigate the protocol differences between Masonic obediences. It covers the diversity of customs at inter-obediential gatherings and the importance of respectful adaptation. These often surprising practices showcase the depth of Masonic dialogue. Humility, curiosity, and honoring tradition all help foster meaningful exchanges. Shared values and mutual recognition are the keys to living fraternity. Embracing flexibility and openness reveals the beauty of Masonic ceremonies and builds lasting bonds of friendship. Missteps become a source of connection and learning. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les différences de protocole entre obédiences : comment s'y adapter ? Resumé : Ce billet explore comment naviguer dans les différences de protocole entre obédiences maçonniques....

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Analytical Bibliography: Church & Freemasonry Relations Through Time Summary : The analytical bibliography of Church–Freemasonry relations sheds light on historical evolution and major religious conflicts. Renowned authors like Pierre Chevallier, Jacques Lemaire, and Jacques Marx explore the complexity of these ties, delving into history, mutual influence, and diverse avenues of research. Far from stereotypes, this approach investigates French collective memory, untold stories, and tradition—captivating both the curious and seasoned scholars. Old and new sources converse, revealing tensions and unexpected dialogue. Today, these studies offer fresh perspectives on ongoing debates. Who would have guessed these controversies would still fill our libraries? Guided by iconic writers, this journey reframes our understanding of enduring legacies. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Bib...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Masonic Library Incunabula: Hidden and Ancient Treasures Summary : Incunabula in Masonic libraries are a hidden, moving chapter of literary heritage. Ornate bindings, ancient collections, and rare manuscripts are safeguarded from curious eyes, preserving centuries of history and bibliophilic passion. For true enthusiasts, searching for these rare works becomes an initiatory, even mysterious, pursuit. These old collections reveal treasures—from rare editions to some of the West’s earliest printed books. Their legacy is all about memory, heritage, and tradition. To preserve incunabula is to protect a vital strand of our cultural story: secretive yet meant to be shared. Passing on this legacy is key, centering the human experience. Each volume tells a powerful tale, keeping us humble and curious. The dance between past and present endures. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les incun...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Masonic Museums in France: Heritage & Cultural Legacy Summary : Masonic museums in France safeguard the story of Freemasonry, showcasing a rich Masonic heritage. Through symbolic objects and varied exhibits, they pass on culture, reveal Masonic symbolism, preserve the memory of lodges, and encourage dialogue across generations. Far from being secretive, these museums actively enrich French cultural heritage by weaving living ties between past and present. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Les musées maçonniques en France : patrimoine et transmission culturelle Resumé : Les musées maçonniques en France conservent l’histoire de la franc-maçonnerie et exposent un riche patrimoine maçonnique. Ils permettent la transmission culturelle grâce à des objets symboliques et des expositions variées. Ouverts à tous, ils dévoilent le symbolisme maçonnique, entretiennent la mémoire des ...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Electoral Sponsorship: The Sponsor’s Role and Impact Summary : Electoral sponsorship plays a decisive role in democracy, filtering candidacies while sparking debate over its rules and purpose. Being a sponsor is a moral and political commitment, with no shortage of public pressure. Central to presidential elections, this system balances pluralism and candidate credibility. Its effects run deep, wavering between freedom and obligation. Sponsorship ensures a credible voice in public debate—straddling privilege and duty, it continues to shape political life and provoke discussion. Thoughtfulness, responsibility, and trust are its pillars. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Le parrainage d'un candidat : responsabilités et implications Resumé : Le parrainage électoral joue un rôle décisif dans la démocratie française. Il filtre les candidatures tout en suscitant débats sur ses...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Black and White: Duality and Symbolic Complementarity Revealed Summary : Black and white showcase a profound duality —far more than mere opposition. Their symbolism is everywhere: in art , culture , and even Freemasonry. Each color contains the promise of the other, like Yin and Yang . Artists and rituals love to play with this tension, turning opposites into allies. The meanings of black and white go further, inviting us to reflect on psychological and existential balance. Embracing duality brings us closer to harmony. Let’s be inspired by this timeless palette, a mirror for our own paradoxes. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Le noir et le blanc : dualité et complémentarité symbolique Resumé : Le noir et le blanc mettent en scène une dualité fascinante, bien au-delà de la simple opposition. Leur symbolisme est partout : en art, dans la culture ou la franc-maçonnerie. Cha...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Ritual Toast Symbolism: Masonic Banquets & Traditions Summary : This article explores the symbolism of ritual toasts at Masonic banquets. It details their role in Masonic table traditions, highlighting brotherhood, history, and the transmission of values. From the solemnity of agapes to evolving customs, every ritual toast adds magic to the Masonic table. The article also discusses how these rituals adapt for new generations. Masonic vocabulary enriches these unique moments. Toasts are explored as expressions of the bond between initiates and guardians of tradition, reflecting the distinctive art of Masonic sharing. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Le symbolisme des toasts rituels lors des banquets maçonniques Resumé : Cet article explore le symbolisme des toasts rituels lors des banquets maçonniques. Il détaille leur rôle dans les traditions de table de la franc-maçonne...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Freemasonry & Social Inequality: Engagement and Insights Summary : Freemasonry remains deeply attuned to social inequality, providing a space where solidarity and civic action thrive. Through thoughtful debate, discreet acts of support, and the enduring transmission of humanist ideals, the Order shows its relevance in meeting today’s challenges. Brotherhood is no relic—it stirs every lodge to act for greater equality. Tradition and hope are its greatest tools. Freemasons work for a fairer world, championing solidarity, justice, and sustainable progress. Even modest efforts help build a brighter future. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: La franc-maçonnerie face aux inégalités sociales croissantes : réflexions et actions Resumé : La franc-maçonnerie demeure attentive aux inégalités sociales, offrant un espace où solidarité et engagement citoyen se rencontrent. Entre débats ...

EN: Last news on the freemasons and the freemasonry Colonial Lodges & Slavery: A Singular History Unveiled Summary : Colonial lodges in Freemasonry stood at the crossroads of humanitarian ideals and the harsh economic realities of slavery . While some members owned slaves, others slowly began to support abolition, engaging in bold debates for their time. The Regency of Algiers and Caribbean islands saw fiery discussions on liberty and equality. With the Houphouët-Boigny Law, Freemasonry played a role in ending forced labor in French colonies. These changes reflect a gradual awakening and uneven, but genuine, commitment. Today, the memory of slavery and emancipation continues to shape their legacy. Find the latest posts on FR-MACON.NET FR: Nouvel article sur www.fr-macon.net: Comment les loges coloniales ont-elles abordé la question de l'esclavage ? Resumé : Les loges coloniales de la franc-maçonnerie se sont trouvées à la croisée de principes humanistes et de ...